Peugeot 402 Legere Berline

Peugeot 402 Legere Berline

The Peugeot 402, introduced in October 1935, represented a bold departure from traditional automotive design. Its most distinctive feature was the streamlined, aerodynamic body with hidden headlights mounted behind the chrome grille – a design element that wouldn't become common until decades later. The smooth, flowing lines and integrated fenders reflected the Art Deco aesthetic that dominated the 1930s, making the 402 one of the most visually striking cars of its era. The design was the work of Peugeot's in-house team, who were clearly influenced by emerging aerodynamic principles and modern industrial design. Under the hood, the 402 featured a 2142cc four-cylinder engine producing a modest 55 horsepower. While not particularly powerful, the engine was refined and reliable, using overhead valves and a three-bearing crankshaft. The long-stroke design emphasized torque over peak power, making the 402 well-suited to leisurely touring rather than spirited driving. The three-speed manual gearbox was standard, though wealthy buyers could specify the advanced Cotal electromagnetic pre-selector gearbox, which offered faster, smoother shifts. The chassis featured independent front suspension using a transverse leaf spring – an advanced feature for 1935 that improved ride comfort and handling. The rear axle used conventional semi-elliptic leaf springs. Hydraulic drum brakes at all four wheels provided adequate stopping power, though they required regular adjustment. Inside, the 402 offered spacious accommodations for five or six passengers, with quality materials and excellent finish. The dashboard featured an attractive Art Deco instrument panel with clear gauges. Large windows and thin roof pillars provided excellent visibility. The 402 was available in numerous body styles, including two- and four-door sedans, a convertible, and the spectacular Eclipse retractable hardtop designed by Georges Paulin. The Eclipse featured a complex mechanism that allowed the metal roof to retract into the trunk – a remarkable engineering feat for the 1930s that predated similar designs by decades. During World War II, the 402 continued in limited production under German occupation, using wood-gas generators to circumvent fuel shortages. After the war, production resumed briefly before the model was replaced by the 203 in 1948. Today, the 402 is highly prized by collectors for its distinctive styling and advanced engineering. Eclipse models with retractable hardtops are particularly valuable and sought-after.